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Experts
March 16, 2023

Energy transition metals and minerals: new strategic issues

Metals and minerals are at the core of many global economic, social and geopolitical issues.


White Europe is striving to become independent from Russian energy, new dependency issues have emerged. Before the war in Ukraine, Russia was the European Union's leading supplier of fossil fuels, accounting for a round 40% of gas imports, 20% of oil imports, and 70% of thermal coal imports.


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Energy transition metals and minerals: new strategic issues

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